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Food & Nutrition

Energy drinks may pose risks for people with high blood pressure, heart disease

Food & Nutrition • • HeartNov 06 07

Downing an “energy drink” may boost blood pressure as well as energy, researchers said in a small study presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2007.

In the study, conducted by Wayne State University researchers, blood pressure and heart rate levels increased in healthy adults who drank two cans a day of a popular energy drink.

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New study shows fish respond quickly to changes in mercury deposition

Food & NutritionSep 19 07

Reducing atmospheric mercury emissions should quickly reduce mercury levels in lake fish, according to a three-year study published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. The study showed that an increase in mercury loading at rates relevant to atmospheric deposition resulted in a significant increase in methylmercury production and accumulation in fish in only three years.

“This is good news. It means that a reduction in new mercury loads to many lakes should result in lower mercury in fish within a few years,” said Cynthia Gilmour, scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center and a co-investigator in the study.

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Soft drinks alone do not affect children’s weight

Children's Health • • Food & Nutrition • • Obesity • • Weight LossSep 11 07

Soft drink consumption has increased in both the USA and the UK over the years and this has often been blamed for a rise in childhood body mass index (BMI). However, many of the review methodologies investigating the alleged links have been flawed. A recent scientific analysis of a nationally representative sample of children’s diets and lifestyles found no link between the amount of soft drinks children consume and their body weight.

UK researchers, led by Sigrid Gibson (SiG-Nurture Independent Nutrition Consultants), investigated sugars and soft drinks intake in children across the range of body weights seen in a nationally representative sample.

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Cancer panel attacks U.S. food subsidies

Cancer • • Food & NutritionAug 16 07

A new presidential report on cancer takes on not only tobacco companies but the food industry while calling on the federal government to “cease being a purveyor of unhealthy foods” and switch to policies that encourage Americans to eat vegetables and exercise.

The report, issued on Thursday, also urges changes in public and private insurance policies to encourage doctors to spend more time counseling patients on how to stay healthy by eating right, exercising and avoiding tobacco.

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Vitamin D deficiency: Common and problematic yet preventable

Dieting • • Food & NutritionJul 19 07

In a review article to appear in the July 19th issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, Dr. Michael Holick, an internationally recognized expert in vitamin D, provides an overview of his pioneering work that expounds on the important role vitamin D plays in a wide variety of chronic health conditions, as well as suggesting strategies for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency.

Humans attain vitamin D from exposure to sunlight, diet and supplements. Vitamin D deficiency is common in children and adults. In utero and childhood, vitamin D deficiency may cause growth retardation, skeletal deformities and increase risk of hip fractures later in life.

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Eating Nutritional Foods Can Help Children Be at Their Best Academically

Children's Health • • Dieting • • Food & NutritionJul 17 07

The start of the school year also means the return of school lunches, and the choice of brown-bagging or eating in the cafeteria. A nutritionist at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center says that it may seem contrary to perception, but a lunch from home may be the better choice, nutritionally.

“Lunches served in school cafeterias are not always the best choice and I recommend that sometimes lunches need to be packed,” says Mary Pat Alfaro, MS, RD, CNSD, education coordinator in Nutrition Therapy at Cincinnati Children’s. “Although The Healthy School Lunch Campaign is urging schools to serve more balanced, lower fat meals, a packed lunch means the parents are in control of what children eat, including their portion size.”

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PepsiCo, others settle benzene suit: plaintiffs

Dieting • • Food & NutritionJul 12 07

Soft drink companies including PepsiCo Inc. have settled a lawsuit alleging that their products contained ingredients that could form the carcinogen benzene, the suit’s plaintiffs said on Thursday.

The settling companies, which also include Sunny Delight Beverages Co., Rockstar Inc., Polar Beverages Inc. and Shasta Beverages Inc., agreed to reformulate or had already reformulated some products to lessen the chance that their ingredients would form the cancer-causing chemical.

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Low ‘energy density’ foods aid weight loss

Dieting To Lose Weight • • Food & Nutrition • • Weight LossJun 19 07

Foods that fill you up without packing a ton of calories can help in the battle of the bulge, results of a new study suggest.

In the study, obese women who reduced the “energy density” of their diet by cutting their intake of fats and adding more fruits and vegetables lost more weight over a 12-month period, and felt less hungry, than did those who simply reduced their fat intake.

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Salt increases ulcer-bug virulence

Dieting • • Food & NutritionMay 22 07

Scientists have identified yet another risk from a high-salt diet. High concentrations of salt in the stomach appear to induce gene activity in the ulcer-causing bacterium Helicobacter pylori, making it more virulent and increasing the likelihood of an infected person developing a severe gastric disease.

“Apparently the stomach pathogen H. pylori closely monitors the diets of those people whom it infects. Epidemiological evidence has long implied that there is a connection between H. pylori and the composition of the human diet. This is especially true for diets rich in salt,” says Hanan Gancz, of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland, who presents the research May 22, 2007 at the 107th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in Toronto.

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Popcorn back on the menu for diverticular disease; new treatments for ulcerative colitis, perianal f

Bowel Problems • • Food & NutritionMay 21 07

Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, is an umbrella term referring to a group of disorders that cause inflammation of the intestines, including ulcerative colitis, diverticular disease and perianal fistula. Nearly one million Americans experience some form of IBD every year, which is often chronic or recurring. Research presented today at Digestive Disease Week® 2007 (DDW®) looks at preventative measures and potential treatment options for these painful and debilitating conditions. DDW is the largest international gathering of physicians and researchers in the fields of gastroenterology, hepatology, endoscopy and gastrointestinal surgery.

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Can Patients with Diverticular Disease Eat Nuts, Corn and Popcorn

Bowel Problems • • Food & NutritionMay 21 07

Diverticulosis is a common disease of the large intestine characterized by pouches in the colon that bulge outward through weak spots in the colon musculature. These pouches can become inflamed, a complication referred to as diverticulitis, or they can bleed, often profusely. Patients with diverticulosis, particularly those who have complications, are frequently advised to avoid nuts and seeds; however, there is little evidence to support this recommendation. The aim of this study, conducted by researchers from the University of Washington School of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, was to prospectively evaluate whether nut, corn and popcorn consumption were associated with complications of diverticular disease.

From the Health Professionals Follow-up Study cohort, investigators selected 47,228 U.S. men aged 40-75 years at baseline (in 1986) and free of diverticular disease, gastrointestinal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. Men reporting newly diagnosed diverticulosis or diverticular complications on biennial follow-up questionnaires were sent supplemental questionnaires outlining details of diagnosis and treatment. Recent consumption of nuts, corn and popcorn was determined from a validated 131-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire mailed to the participants every four years. Study endpoints included diverticular bleeding and diverticulitis.

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TV ads double obese children’s food intake in UK

Children's Health • • Food & Nutrition • • Obesity • • Public Health • • Weight LossApr 25 07

Overweight children who watch television advertisements for food are likely to double their intake and the fattest children are most likely to choose the least healthy foods, a study published on Tuesday showed. The study by the University of Liverpool of 60 British children aged 9-11 years, published at the European Congress on Obesity in Budapest, showed the more overweight a child was, the more it would eat when exposed to adverts followed by a cartoon.

Obese children increased food intake by 134 percent and normal weight children by 84 percent, the study said. Obese children consistently chose the highest fat product available in the research, chocolate.

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Fish oil may preserve thinking ability in elderly

Dieting • • Food & NutritionApr 24 07

High blood levels of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, which are found in fish oil, may help preserve thinking ability in the elderly, according to the findings of two studies published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The results were particularly striking among subjects with high blood pressure or high cholesterol levels.

Accumulating evidence suggests that diets that include omega-3 fatty acids, specifically, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), protect against the development of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, according to a Dutch research team. However, the effect of EPA+DHA consumption on thinking ability, or “cognitive function,” has received less scrutiny.

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Fruity cocktails count as health food, study finds

Food & NutritionApr 20 07

A fruity cocktail may not only be fun to drink but may count as health food, U.S. and Thai researchers said on Thursday.

Adding ethanol—the type of alcohol found in rum, vodka, tequila and other spirits—boosted the antioxidant nutrients in strawberries and blackberries, the researchers found.

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What not to eat

Dieting • • Food & NutritionMar 28 07

Once, there were vegetarians and carnivores. Today, there’s a bewildering variety of food regimes. But which diet is really best for us? Kate Craven reports

Many of us have aspirations to eat more healthily, hoping that a better diet will improve our health, and boost how we feel and look. We all know that vegetables are good for us, so would eating more of them and junking meat forever be the answer? And which of vegetarianism’s many derivatives should we opt for? Are each as healthy as their disciples believe or are food faddists doing themselves more harm than good? (To say nothing of the inconvenience they cause to dinner party hosts.)

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