Acute Mountain Sickness

Alternate Names : Altitude Illness

What are the treatments for the condition?

Temporary relief from acute mountain sickness can be achieved by taking 10 to 12 deep breaths every 4 to 6 minutes. Two medicines, acetazolamide and dexamethasone, can reduce the severity of AMS. Oxygen breathed through a mask that covers the nose and mouth is helpful. Other medicines may be given to relieve headache or nausea.

If severe symptoms persist, even with oxygen, a person should go to a lower altitude for prompt relief. A person may only need to go down 2,000 to 3,000 feet to gain relief. If a person develops fluid buildup surrounding the lungs, water pills may be given to help get rid of the excess fluid. More aggressive treatment will be started if the person develops HACE.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

Acetazolamide may cause tingling in the lips and fingertips. It can also cause changes in taste and vision. These symptoms go away when the medicine is stopped. Dexamethasone can cause increased bleeding or risk of infection. Water pills can cause salt imbalances.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

Most people recover very quickly once they go down to a lower elevation. There is an increased risk of more problems should a person return to high elevation. A few people who have buildup of fluid in brain tissues may have lingering problems. These may require follow-up even after they have returned to lower elevation.

How is the condition monitored?

Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the healthcare provider.