Meningitis in Infants and Children
What can be done to prevent the infection?
Routine childhood immunizations are the first line of defense against meningitis. These include the Hib, polio, and MMR vaccines. Some vaccines to prevent this condition are used only in children with other medical problems. Breastfeeding may provide some protection to infants. When there is an outbreak of meningitis caused by certain bacteria, children may be given antibiotics, such as rifampin, to prevent meningitis. Parents should call their child's healthcare provider if the child has been exposed to someone with this condition.
What are the long-term effects of the infection?
Meningitis is quite serious, with a fairly high death rate, especially in newborns. Long-term problems from the disease are common. Half the newborns who survive the illness will have serious long-term effects, including:
behavior problems
deafness
hydrocephalus, an increase in CSF on the brain
learning disabilities
mental retardation
paralysis
seizures
vision loss
What are the risks to others?
A person with meningitis is often contagious and may spread the infection to other children or adults. Parents should call their child's healthcare provider if the child has been exposed to anyone who develops meningitis.
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