‘Burning mouth’ syndrome hard to treat

It’s a burning sensation that gradually spreads across the tongue through the course of the day, and it has a medical name: glossopyrosis, or more commonly, burning mouth syndrome. The condition can be frustrating to treat, but usually some relief can be found, according to the latest issue of the Mayo Clinic Health Letter.

Most often, it seems, multiple factors play a role in producing the symptoms. Disease, medications or nutritional deficiencies can all be involved, but often no single cause can be pinpointed,

The condition is most common in people over 60, and occurs more frequently in women than in men. It can last for weeks or even years. Pain, tingling or numbness may be felt in the throat, lips, gums or palate as well as the tongue, and sensations can involve a metallic taste in the mouth.

Medical conditions linked to burning mouth syndrome include Sjogren’s syndrome, diabetes and underactive thyroid, while deficiencies in iron, zinc, folate and some B vitamins have also been linked to the condition. Stress and anxiety can also be a factor.

Symptoms of burning mouth syndrome can usually be improved, according to the article, but treatment may be complex. If dry mouth accompanies the syndrome, it can be treated with medications that stimulate saliva flow, saliva substitutes, drinking water or even chewing gum. Treatment for oral yeast infection, or thrush, may also be helpful even if such an infection isn’t apparent.

Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and unflavored toothpaste, and staying away from alcohol-based mouthwash, also is helpful, the article states.

Since some medications, such as ACE inhibitors used to treat high blood pressure, can cause dry mouth or mouth pain, switching drugs may help, as can treating any underlying nutritional deficiencies.

If symptoms continue, the article states, cognitive behavioral therapy can be helpful, while certain drugs such as antidepressants and anticonvulsants can help manage the pain.

SOURCE: Mayo Clinic Health Letter, August 2006.

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