Ovarian Cancer

What are the treatments for the disease?

Surgery to remove the cancer and the surrounding tissues is an important part of treatment. This will get rid of most of the cancer. Any remaining cancer may be treated in another way.

Chemotherapy involves a combination of special medicines given in the veins. It can be very effective in killing any remaining tumor. The medicines travel in the bloodstream to places where the cancer may have spread. Some of the more common ones are taxanes, such as taxol and taxatere. Platinum-based medicines, such as cisplatin and paraplatin, are also used. Sometimes the chemotherapy is given directly into the abdomen through a special tube.

Radiation therapy has only limited use with this type of cancer. It may be used if the cancer has spread to the abdomen. Sometimes it is used along with chemotherapy.

Psychological support is important for the patient and her family. Social workers and other members of the healthcare team are available for consultation as needed.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

Surgery involves removal of one or both ovaries. When both ovaries are removed, the woman may be given hormone replacement therapy to prevent the symptoms of menopause. The uterus may also be removed. This will make the woman unable to bear children.

The side effects of chemotherapy depend on the specific medicines used and may include:

What happens after treatment for the disease?

The woman will be followed closely to make sure the cancer is under control.

How is the disease monitored?

Sometimes ovarian cancer produces a tumor marker called Ca-125. If this was present at diagnosis, a small blood sample will be checked regularly to see if the level is changing. A rising Ca-125 level may indicate that additional treatment is needed. CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis may also be done regularly. The results of these studies will indicate how well the cancer responded to treatment. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the healthcare provider.