Anticholinergics/Antispasmodics (Systemic)
Category- Anesthesia adjunct - Scopolamine
- Antiarrhythmic - Atropine; Glycopyrrolate; Hyoscyamine; Scopolamine
- Anticholinergic - Anisotropine; Atropine; Belladonna; Clidinium; Dicyclomine; Glycopyrrolate; Homatropine; Hyoscyamine; Mepenzolate; Methantheline; Methscopolamine; Pirenzepine; Propantheline; Scopolamine
- Antidiarrheal - Glycopyrrolate
- Antidote, to cholinesterase inhibitors - Atropine; Hyoscyamine
- Antidote, to muscarine - Atropine; Hyoscyamine
- Antidote, to organophosphate pesticides - Atropine
- Antidysmenorrheal - Belladonna; Scopolamine
- Antiemetic - Scopolamine
- Antispasmodic, gastrointestinal - Dicyclomine; Scopolamine
- Antispasmodic, urinary tract - Atropine; Scopolamine
- Antivertigo agent - Belladonna; Scopolamine
- Cholinergic adjunct, curariform block - Atropine; Glycopyrrolate; Hyoscyamine
DescriptionThe anticholinergics/antispasmodics
are a group of medicines that include the natural belladonna alkaloids (atropine,
belladonna, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine) and related products.
The anticholinergics/antispasmodics are used to relieve cramps or spasms
of the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Some are used together with antacids
or other medicine in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Others are used to prevent
nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness.
Anticholinergics/antispasmodics are also used in certain surgical and emergency
procedures. In surgery, some are given by injection before anesthesia to help
relax you and to decrease secretions, such as saliva. During anesthesia and
surgery, atropine, glycopyrrolate, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine are used to
help keep the heartbeat normal. Scopolomine is also used to prevent nausea
and vomiting after anesthesia and surgery. Atropine is also given by injection
to help relax the stomach and intestines for certain types of examinations.
Some anticholinergics are also used to treat poisoning caused by medicines
such as neostigmine and physostigmine, certain types of mushrooms, and poisoning
by �nerve�" gases or organic phosphorous pesticides (for example,
demeton [Systox], diazinon, malathion, parathion, and ronnel [Trolene]). Also,
anticholinergics can be used for painful menstruation, runny nose, and to
prevent urination during sleep.
These medicines may also be used for other conditions as determined by
your doctor.
The anticholinergics/antispasmodics are available only with your doctor's
prescription in the following dosage forms:
Oral
-
Anisotropine
-
Atropine
-
Tablets (U.S.)
-
Soluble tablets (U.S.)
-
Belladonna
-
Clidinium
-
Dicyclomine
-
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
-
Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
-
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
-
Glycopyrrolate
-
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
-
Homatropine
-
Hyoscyamine
-
Extended-release capsules (U.S.)
-
Extended-release tablets (U.S.)
-
Elixir (U.S.)
-
Oral solution (U.S. and Canada)
-
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
-
Mepenzolate
-
Methantheline
-
Methscopolamine
-
Pirenzepine
-
Propantheline
-
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
-
Scopolamine
Parenteral
-
Atropine
-
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
-
Dicyclomine
-
Glycopyrrolate
-
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
-
Hyoscyamine
-
Scopolamine
-
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
Transdermal
-
Scopolamine
-
Transdermal disk (U.S. and Canada)
Brand NamesSome commonly used brand names are:
In the U.S. -
- Anaspaz 8
- A-Spas S/L 8
- Banthine 10
- Bentyl 5
- Cantil 9
- Cystospaz 8
- Cystospaz-M 8
- Donnamar 8
- ED-SPAZ 8
- Gastrosed 8
- Homapin 7
- Levbid 8
- Levsin 8
- Levsinex Timecaps 8
- Levsin/SL 8
- Pro-Banthine 13
- Quarzan 4
- Robinul 6
- Robinul Forte 6
- Symax SL 8
- Transderm-Scop 14
In Canada -
- Bentylol 5
- Buscopan 14
- Formulex 5
- Gastrozepin 12
- Levsin 8
- Pro-Banthine 13
- Propanthel 13
- Robinul 6
- Robinul Forte 6
- Spasmoban 5
- Transderm-V 14
Other commonly used names are: dicycloverine
, glycopyrronium bromide
, hyoscine hydrobromide
,
hyoscine methobromide
, methanthelinium
, and octatropine
Note:
|
For quick reference, the following anticholinergics/antispasmodics
are numbered to match the corresponding brand names. |
This information applies to the following medicines: |
1. |
Anisotropine (an-iss-oh-TROE-peen)†‡ |
2. |
Atropine (A-troe-peen)‡§ |
3. |
Belladonna (bell-a-DON-a)†‡ |
4. |
Clidinium (kli-DI-nee-um)† |
5. |
Dicyclomine (dye-SYE-kloe-meen)‡ |
6. |
Glycopyrrolate (glye-koe-PYE-roe-late)‡ |
7. |
Homatropine (hoe-MA-troe-peen)† |
8. |
Hyoscyamine (hye-oh-SYE-a-meen)‡ |
9. |
Mepenzolate (me-PEN-zoe-late)† |
10. |
Methantheline (meth-AN-tha-leen)† |
11. |
Methscopolamine (meth-skoe-POL-a-meen)*† |
12. |
Pirenzepine (peer-EN-ze-peen)* |
13. |
Propantheline (proe-PAN-the-leen)‡ |
14. |
Scopolamine (scoe-POL-a-meen)‡ |
* Not commercially available in the U.S. |
† Not commercially available in Canada |
‡ Generic name product may be available in the U.S. |
§ Generic name product may be available in Canada |
|